1.3 Types of businesses Business organisations and their structure Business organisations classified on the basis of can be ownership 3. ................................ partnerships limited companies cooperatives 1. ................................ management financing 2. ................................ structure 4. ................................ visual representation: organisational 5. ............................... How to classify business organisations It is possible to categorise them by considering: who owns the business; what type of liability it adopts; who manages it; how it is financed; who shares the profits. Management techniques Leadership techniques to be in charge of: essere responsabile di hierarchical: gerarchico liability: responsabilità loan: prestito organisational chart: organigramma revenues: fatturato savings: risparmi share: azione shareholder: azionista 32 administration production purchasing 6. ................................ human resources finance and accounting 7. ................................ marketing sharing Business organisations differ in type, size and structure. ONLINE RESOURCES divided into departments Types of business organisations On the basis of the above criteria, business organisations can be: sole traders; limited or unlimited partnerships; private or public limited companies; cooperatives. Businesses are said to be: unincorporated, when the business is seen as a collection of people who respond personally; incorporated, when they have a separate legal entity. Internal structure of business organisations Every business organisation needs a clear internal organisational structure so that all workers know exactly their own and everyone else s roles and responsibilities in the company. This structure may vary from one company to another, but very often it is hierarchical and represented through an organisational chart which defines: who is in charge of what, who is in charge of whom, and who is responsible for making and carrying out decisions. Main departments of business organisations To work in the best possible way, each company usually organises its workers into departments. Depending on a company s dimensions and line of business, these departments can be more or less specific, and include more or less sub-sections. The main departments are: Administration/General management Production Purchasing or Procurement Operations Human resources Finance and accounting Sales Marketing. Other possible departments are: Logistics, Customer service support, Research and development, Information Technology support, Health and safety, Maintenance, Advertising, Quality, and Communication.