PART 5 PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE Si usa il present perfect per descrivere azioni avvenute in un momento non precisato del passato che hanno effetti sul presente o il cui risultato è visibile nel presente. Si usa anche per azioni avvenute in un periodo di tempo recente o non ancora completamente trascorso. Il present perfect si forma con l ausiliare have al present simple per tutti i verbi (transitivi e intransitivi) e il participio passato. POSITIVE Il present perfect si può usare con le espressioni di tempo che seguono: NEGATIVE I have worked/gone I have not/haven t worked/ gone You have worked/gone You have not/haven t worked/gone He/She/It has worked/ gone He/She/It has not/hasn t worked/gone We have worked/gone We have not/haven t worked/gone 1 You have worked/gone You have not/haven t worked/gone 1. They have worked/gone They have not/haven t worked/gone YES AND NO QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS INTERROGATIVE POSITIVE NEGATIVE I Yes, I have. No, I haven t. Have you Yes, you have. No, you haven t. Has he/she/it Yes, he/ she/it has. No, he/she/it hasn t. Yes, we have. No, we haven t. No, you haven t. No, they haven t. Have Have we worked/ gone? Have you Yes, you have. Have they Yes, they have. 2. 3. 4. 5. POSITION Ever ? Prima del part. pass. Never + (senso negativo) Prima del part. pass. Already + Prima del part. pass. Just + Prima del part. pass. Yet , ? Fondo frase Still Prima dell aus. have Lately/recently +, , ? Inizio o fondo frase I ve been very busy recently. Have you placed the new orders this week? Have you ever tried this new conditioner, madam? I still haven t finished the treatment with this client. Completa le frasi con la forma corretta del present perfect simple dei verbi tra parentesi. They ........................................... (work) in the same salon for a long time. ........................................... (you, finish) with Mrs Pope yet? I ........................................... (not earn) much this month. Sheila ...................................... (just, tidy) the working area. I ........................................... (not phone) Mrs Jason to cancel the appointment yet. 6. 7. ........................................... (we, place) the next retail order? 8. Where ........................................... (you, be)? To the hairdresser s. 2 1. The boss ........................................... (still, not confirm) the last trainees. Completa le domande con il soggetto e il present perfect dei verbi tra parentesi. Poi, completa con le risposte brevi. .............................................................. (you, invite) Mary to your hen party? No, .................................................................... 2. 2. Participio passato dei verbi irregolari: terza forma del paradigma SENTENCE ATTENTION 1. Participio passato dei verbi regolari: Verbo +ed Verbi che terminano con vocale -y +ed Verbi che terminano con consonante -y + yied Verbi monosillabici che terminano con vocale + consonante raddoppio consonante +ed ADVERB ............................................................... (John, fix) the broken hairdryer? Yes, ................................................................................ 3. ............................................................... (Alyson, use) the new equipment? No, ............................................................................. 4. ........................................................... (the clients, drink) some 5. .................................................................. (the order, arrive) 6. .......................................................... (the boss, hire) a new coffee? Yes, ...................................................................................... No, .............................................................................................................. assistant? Yes, ................................................................................. 197