PART 5 PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE Si usa il present perfect per descrivere azioni avvenute in un momento non precisato del passato che hanno effetti sul presente o il cui risultato è visibile nel presente. Si usa anche per azioni avvenute in un periodo di tempo recente o non ancora completamente trascorso. Il present perfect si forma con l ausiliare have al present simple per tutti i verbi (transitivi e intransitivi) e il participio passato. POSITIVE Il present perfect si può usare con le espressioni di tempo che seguono: NEGATIVE I have worked/gone I have not/haven t worked/ gone You have worked/gone You have not/haven t worked/gone He/She/It has worked/ gone He/She/It has not/hasn t worked/gone We have worked/gone We have not/haven t worked/gone 1 You have worked/gone You have not/haven t worked/gone 1. They have worked/gone They have not/haven t worked/gone YES AND NO QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS INTERROGATIVE POSITIVE NEGATIVE I Yes, I have. No, I haven t. Have you Yes, you have. No, you haven t. Has he/she/it Yes, he/ she/it has. No, he/she/it hasn t. Yes, we have. No, we haven t. No, you haven t. No, they haven t. Have Have we worked/ gone? Have you Yes, you have. Have they Yes, they have. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 2 1. POSITION Ever ? Prima del part. pass. Never + (senso negativo) Prima del part. pass. Already + Prima del part. pass. Just + Prima del part. pass. Yet , ? Fondo frase Still Prima dell aus. have Lately/recently +, , ? Inizio o fondo frase I ve been very busy recently. Have you placed the new orders this week? Have you ever tried this new lotion, madam? I still haven t finished the treatment with this client. Completa le frasi con la forma corretta del present perfect simple dei verbi tra parentesi. They ........................................... (work) in the same salon for a long time. ........................................... (you, finish) with Mrs Pope yet? I ........................................... (not earn) much this month. Sheila ...................................... (just, tidy) the working area. I ........................................... (not phone) Mrs Jason to cancel the appointment yet. ........................................... (we, place) the next retail order? The boss ........................................... (still, not confirm) the last trainees. Where ........................................... (you, be)? To the beautician s. Completa le domande con il soggetto e il present perfect dei verbi tra parentesi. Poi, completa con le risposte brevi. .............................................................. (you, invite) Mary to your hen party? No, .................................................................... 2. 2. Participio passato dei verbi irregolari: terza forma del paradigma SENTENCE ATTENTION 1. Participio passato dei verbi regolari: Verbo +ed Verbi che terminano con vocale -y +ed Verbi che terminano con consonante -y + yied Verbi monosillabici che terminano con vocale + consonante raddoppio consonante +ed ADVERB ............................................................... (John/fix) the broken treatment couch? Yes, ............................................................... 3. ............................................................... (Alyson, use) the new equipment? No, ............................................................................. 4. ........................................................... (the clients, drink) some coffee? Yes, ...................................................................................... 5. .................................................................. (the order, arrive) 6. .......................................................... (the boss, hire) a new No, .............................................................................................................. assistant? Yes, ................................................................................. 200