OTHER COMMON PROBLEMS AND DISEASES The skeletal and muscular system Two common problems of the bones and joints are and osteoporosis. Arthritis is a painful inflammation of the joints, especially hands, spine, knees and . Osteoporosis the bones by making them fragile and to break. Other problems that may occur are and . A fracture is a break in a bone caused by an accident, a fall or a sports . A sprain is the consequence of an unnatural movement of a joint and occurs most frequ1ently in ankles, fingers and knees. The most serious muscular problem is (MD), a group of muscle diseases that results in increasing weakening and breakdown of slkeletal muscles over time. arthritis hips weakens likely fractures sprains 1 injury muscular dystrophy WARM UP a. A stroke b. Diabetes c. Heart disease d. Lower respiratory infection e. Pulmonary disease What do you think is the most frequent serlous dlsease In the world? DO Do you know what parts of the body can be subject to sprains? 1 The nervous system The most important nervous diseases are , i.e. abnormal electrical discharges from brain cells, , which is a progressive nerve disease that affects movement, and in which the protective of the nerves is attacked lby the body's immune system. epilepsy 1 Parkinson's Disease multiple sclerosis lining MORE Epilepsy is immediately associated with someone falling on the ground and shaking convulsively, but that's just one type of epilepsy. 1 The cardiovascular and respiratory system Some common cardiovascular problems are , i.e. a weak spot in the wall of an artery, , commonly called high blood pressure, and when the heart beats irregularly. As for the respiratory system, there can be minor problems like a or or more serious problems like . A cold is a respiratory illness that usually goes away without any treatment. More serious diseases can affect the upper respiratory system such as the nose, mouth, and throat, and the lower system such as bronchial tubes and lungs. aneurysm hypertension cardiac arrhythmia cold influenza (flu) pneumonia sinuses The digestive system The most common digestive problems are , and . is a condition characterized by hard faeces that are difficult to pass. It can be caused if the colon absorbs too much water. is a painful feeling in the chest or throat when the stomach acid into the oesophagus. occurs when the gastrointestinal tract is filled with air or gas. constipation heartburn bloating Constipation Heartburn backs up Bloating