Dina Buffone

Antonella Linsalata

L’argomento.
 Marketplace è un testo rivolto in particolare agli studenti dei corsi con indirizzo Economico e Commerciale, e, più in generale, a coloro che hanno l’esigenza di utilizzare la lingua inglese come strumento di studio e/o di lavoro.
 
 La struttura.
 Marketplace è diviso in quattro Sezioni, ognuna delle quali è ripartita in un numero variabile di unità.
 Ogni Unità è suddivisa in brevi Capitoli su due pagine – teoria ed esercizi – per favorire non solo uno studio più parcellizzato, ma anche la scelta antologica da parte dell’insegnante.
 
 I contenuti dei capitoli sono divisi in paragrafi titolati per rendere la comprensione più agevole. Brevi link (ampliamenti, rimandi, attività o mini-approfondimenti) arricchiscono i brani per consentire una maggiore interattività. Alcune rubriche di approfondimento o curiosità, inoltre, corredano la pagina degli esercizi.
 
 Un ricco apparato iconografico correda i brani di lettura, per ognuno dei quali è previsto un esauriente glossario. Al termine di ogni Unità si possono trovare le seguenti sezioni:
 
 – Vocabulary: Esercizi di revisione e consolidamento del lessico introdotto nell’unità;
 
 – Grammar: Revisione delle strutture grammaticali più comuni con esercizi di rinforzo calati in contesto;
 
 – Case study: Argomento di attualità corredato di esercizi mirati all’approfondimento e alla discussione;
 
 – Mapping your mind: Mappa concettuale per rappresentare la rete di relazioni tra i vari argomenti dell’Unità.
 
 Al termine di ogni Sezione, il testo propone ulteriori attività:
 
 – Real life skills: Compiti di realtà e collaborativi, lavori di gruppo con un taglio di tipo pratico calato nella realtà;
 
 – Exams: Esercizi in contesto nelle tipologie previste dagli esami PET, FCE, IELTS e dalla prova INVALSI.
 
 – Clip: Breve clip tratta da film con tematiche attinenti ai contenuti presentati.

Section 1 - The basics

Unit 1.1 Trade and Commerce

Unit 1.2 Businesses

Unit 1.3 Marketing & Advertising

Unit 1.4 Trading

Unit 1.5 Logistics and Finance

REAL-LIFE SKILLS Your turn!

EXAMS

CLIP The Founder

Section 2 - Getting to work

Unit 2.1 Communicating

Unit 2.2 Up to the order

Unit 2.3 After the order

Unit 2.4 Business literature

CLIP Jobs

Section 3 - The real world

Unit 3.1 Getting a job

Unit 3.2 Customers

Unit 3.3 Green & Glob

REAL-LIFE SKILLS You try!

CLIP Snowden

Section 4 - Extra

Unit 4.1 Glimpses of Civilisation

Unit 4.2 Working in an office

Unit 4.3 Handy manual of business correspondence

Glossary

1.2 BUSINESSES SOLE TRADERS AND PARTNERSHIPS Unlimited liability risks include losing money, personal belongings and even one s house to pay debts. There are many different types of business organisations in the private sector. Their structure depends on:   who owns them,   how they are financed,   who shares the profits,   who manages them, Can you think of any decisions that have to be made? Why do you think this is so? Why is this?   what kind of liability there is.   Sole traders A sole trader is the simplest form of business enterprise. There is only one owner who is also the only one who finances and manages it, though he may employ other people. He has unlimited liability, meaning he risks losing all his personal assets in the case of debts or bankruptcy, but he earns all the profits. Some examples are carpenters, decorators, or plumbers. ONLINE RESOURCES   A business start-up asset: bene duty: dovere liability: responsabilità loss: perdita misunderstanding: malinteso mutual: reciproco plumber: idraulico ratio: proporzione settlement: liquidazione withdrawal: ritiro 28 The basics   Advantages and disadvantages + The owner is the sole manager, which means he is the only one to make decisions. + The owner gets all the profits. + It is easy to set up; there is little bureaucracy involved. + The business can offer a customised service to customers.   The owner is responsible for all the company s debts.   The owner has trouble taking time off and taking holidays.   The owner has a limited amount of capital to invest.   The owner is alone with decision-making.   Prices tend to be higher.   Partnerships A partnership is chosen when more than one owner is necessary, not only to increase capital, but also to share losses and responsibility, in fact there can be from two to twenty partners. Some examples of these businesses are accountants, lawyers, or doctors. There are two types of partnerships:   Unlimited or ordinary partnerships (s.n.c. in Italy), in which all members have an active role in running the business and have unlimited liability;   Limited partnerships (s.a.s. in Italy), in which there are two types of partners: general or ordinary partners, who run the business and have unlimited liability (there must be at least one); sleeping partners, who simply invest money in the business without taking an active role in it and with limited liability.   Advantages and disadvantages + There is more capital available to finance the business. + Each partner shares their personal experience and know-how for the benefit of the business. + Partners can share decision-making and ideas. + Risks are shared and some members have limited liability.   Profits are shared.   General partners have unlimited liability.   There is the risk of having dishonest and inefficient partners.   Discussions among members can slow down decision-making. 

1 Read these sentences and say what business organisation they refer to. 1. Only one person runs the business and pays for all the expenses. ........................................... 2. Its business structure is not very complex. ........................................... 3. All the partners have unlimited liability. ........................................... 4. There is not much bureaucracy needed to set the business up. ........................................... 5. The partners share profits and risks and make decisions together. ........................................... 6. Minimum one partner has limited liability. 2 ........................................... Write questions to these answers. 1. ................................................................................................................................... It means having the responsibility of losing personal assets in the case of business debts or bankruptcy. 2. ................................................................................................................................... He/she has unlimited liability. 3. ................................................................................................................................... This business organisation has from two to twenty members who put in capital, share profits, losses and responsibility. 4. ................................................................................................................................... He/she s a partner who invests money in the business without taking an active role in it and with limited liability. 5. ................................................................................................................................... It is a business where all the partners have an active role in running the business and have unlimited liability. 6. 3 Read the text and decide whether the statements are true or false. correct the false ones. Partnership Deed A partnership is an agreement between people to carry on a business. The agreement entered into between partners may be either verbal or written, but it is always desirable to have a written agreement so as to avoid misunderstandings and unnecessary litigations in the future. When the agreement is in written form, it is called  Partnership Deed.  It must be signed by the partners, stamped and registered. Any alteration in the partnership deed can be made with the mutual consent of all the partners. Although it is left to the choice of the partners of the firm to decide themselves as to what should be mentioned in their partnership deed, a partnership deed generally contains the following: 1. Name of the firm. 2. Nature of the business. 3. Names of partners. 4. Place of the business. 5. Amount of capital to be contributed by each partner. 6. Profit sharing ratio between the partners. 7. Duties, powers and obligations of partners. 8. Withdrawals allowed to the partners and rate of interest. 9. Amount of salary and commission, if any, payable to the partners. 10. Settlement of accounts in the case of dissolution of the firm. Adapted from: https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/ partnership-firms/partnership-deed-contents-of-apartnership-deed/40805 T ................................................................................................................................... 1. Partnership agreements are only verbal. This partnership has two types of partners: general partners and sleeping partners. 2. A Partnership Deed is only written. F 3. Changes to the deed can be made by one single partner. 4. All the partners choose what should be mentioned in the deed. 5. Partners can make withdrawals. 6. If the bankruptcy occurs, partners must continue managing accounts. 1.2   businesses 29 

Manuale di inglese per studenti di Economia e Commercio, con teoria, esercizi, glossario e attività interattive.

Marketplace

English for the World of Business and Commerce

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