2 HEALTH, EDUCATION AND CULTURE HOSPITALS Importance of health care Hospitalization is a necessary service that creates considerable stress some combination of reduced physical ability, , of and uncertainty about future . Research is showing that is especially important in hospitals patients, staff and patients’ families . due to pain fear medical procedures well-being effective building design to benefit 1 Guidelines for a proper design Hospital architects have long used indications from engineering and other sciences to guide their work. Because hospitals have existed for a long time and are expensive to build and , it is crucial to follow precise guidelines in designing them. Hospital design variables include nine categories: 1 to operate : , walls and flooring, equipment noise, music; audio environment sound-absorbing ceiling : natural light and nature views from windows; visual environment : air quality and ventilation, , staff's visual access to patients; safety easy-to-clean surfaces : building access, , floor plans and the information desk; wayfinding signage : energy-saving features, waste management and building materials; sustainability : single or multi-bed rooms in separate female and male ; patient rooms wards : comfortable waiting areas, an in the patient's room, and outdoor gardens with seating; family support spaces overnight bed : nurse , proximity of and medicines, comfortable break areas, well-organized administrative offices; staff support spaces workstations supplies : quality of meeting rooms and workstations, acoustics, lighting and temperature in . doctor support spaces operating theatres Cost considerations Cost considerations are crucial because they may help choose whether to build or renovate a hospital that can be safer and less stressful for patients, more to families, improving the quality of work of the staff and the environmental sustainability. Hospitals will never be places that patients enjoy, but . decision-makers welcoming a good design can make them feel better WARM UP Have you ever been to hospital? If so, why? DO Have you ever seen TV medical dramas taking place in a hospital such as or ? What do you think of them? 1 Grey’s Anatomy The Good Doctor MORE Large hospitals, consisting of a thousand beds or more, emerged during the early 19 century in France when Napoleon established them to house his wounded soldiers from his many wars. 1 th