ROUND-UP 1. Fill in the text with a suitable word for each blank space. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. bath, beginning, birth, brick, buttress, civilisations, dome, forms, inspiration, orders, proportions, strength In the past, great __________ built large temples, pyramids, ziggurats, monasteries, stupas and mosques with tall minarets. The Mediterranean region saw the __________ of Greek and Roman classical architecture. The Romans built in __________ and concrete, and used the arch, the vault and the __________. They built theatres and temples, palaces, basilicas, public __________ and other buildings all over their vast empire. Byzantine architecture was essentially a continuation of Roman architecture. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. In the 11 and 12 centuries, a new style, the Romanesque, developed in Europe. Its main characteristics were __________ and heaviness. Then, at the __________ of the 13th century, architects began to design lighter __________, so the great Gothic cathedrals provide us with the best examples of this style. During the Renaissance, architects looked back to the Romans and Greeks for __________ when designing. Their main aim was to establish the ideal __________ for a building, based on those of the idealized human body. th th 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 2. Answer the following questions. When did Baroque architecture flourish in Europe? ___________________________ Answer: What characterized architecture in the 19th century? ___________________________ Answer: How did Art Nouveau differ from the previous architectural styles? ___________________________ Answer: What were the Five Points of Architecture summed up by Le Corbusier in his writings? ___________________________ Answer: What is the architectural basic concept of Deconstructivism? ___________________________ Answer: What are the innovative features of the Pompidou Centre in Paris, designed by Renzo Piano? ___________________________ Answer: 3. Choose the right option. The main characteristics of Romanesque buildings were __________. a. high narrow arches and thin walls b. low wide arches and thick walls with heavy supports c. high wide arches and thick walls d. low arches and thin walls Modernism was particularly strong and influential in Spain in Catalonia because Barcelona was __________. a. the capital of Spain at that time b. the city in Spain that attracted most tourists c. the organiser of the International Exhibition in 1888 d. the most modern city in Europe Modern architecture is characterized by the principle that __________. a. functional needs are not important b. extra ornaments are essential c. curved lines magnify the form d. form follows the function The Bauhaus was __________. a. a school of architecture, design and art founded in Weimar by Walter Gropius b. a skyscraper in New York designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe c. a residential building in Chicago designed by Frank Lloyd Wright d. an apartment building in Marseille designed by Le Corbusier