ROUND-UP 1 4. What were the Five Points of Architecture summed up by Le Corbusier in his writings? Fill in the text with a suitable word for each blank space. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... bath beginning birth brick buttress civilisations dome forms inspiration orders proportions strength 5. What is the architectural basic concept of Deconstructivism? ........................................................................ In the past, great 1. .................................... built .......................................................................................................................... large temples, pyramids, ziggurats, monasteries, 6. What are the innovative features of the Pompidou Centre in Paris, designed by Renzo Piano? ....................................................................................................... stupas and mosques with tall minarets. The Mediterranean region saw the 2. .................................... .......................................................................................................................... of Greek and Roman classical architecture. The Romans built in 3. .................................... and concrete, and used the arch, the vault and the 4. ..................................... They built theatres and temples, palaces, basilicas, public 5. .................................... and other buildings all over their vast empire. Byzantine architecture was essentially a continuation of Roman architecture. In the 11th and 12th centuries, a new style, the Romanesque, developed in Europe. Its main characteristics were 6. .................................... and heaviness. Then, at the 7. .................................... of the 13th century, architects began to design lighter 8. ....................................., so the great Gothic cathedrals provide us with the best examples of this style. During the Renaissance, architects looked back to the Romans and Greeks for 9. .................................... when designing. Their main aim was to establish the ideal 10. .................................... for a building, based on those of the idealised human body. 2 Answer the following questions. 1. When did Baroque architecture flourish in Europe? ................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................ 2. What characterized architecture in the 19th century? ................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 3. How di Art Nouveau differ from the previous architectural styles? ................................................................... ........................................................................................................................ 336 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 3 Choose the right option. 1. The main characteristics of Romanesque buildings were ............................................ a. high narrow arches and thin walls b. low wide arches and thick walls with heavy supports c. high wide arches and thick walls d. low arches and thin walls 2. Modernism was particularly strong and influential in Spain in Catalonia because Barcelona was ...................... a. the capital of Spain at that time b. the city in Spain that attracted most tourists c. the organiser of the International Exhibition in 1888 d. the most modern city in Europe 3. Modern architecture is characterised by the principle that ............................................ a. functional needs are not important b. extra ornaments are essential c. curved lines magnify the form d. form follows the function 4. The Bauhaus was ........................................... . a. a school of architecture, design and art founded in Wiemar by Walter Gropius b. a skyscraper in New York designed by Ludwing Mies van Der Rohe c. a residential building in Chicago designed by Frank Lloyd Wright d. an apartment building in Marseille designed by Le Corbusier