3 ENERGY SOURCES NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Oil is a liquid fuel located . It was created 400 million years ago when prehistoric plants and plankton fell to the bottom of the ocean. The layer, covered by and sediments, heated by pressure, changed into crude oil. The most common method of extraction is , and the global production is at the of several million a day. Crude oil cannot be replaced naturally and is, therefore, a . Crude oil can be refined to produce products such as gasoline, diesel, and various other forms of . Crude oil underground mud drilling rate barrels limited resource petrochemicals 1 Natural gas Natural gas is often formed underground along with oil hundreds of millions of years ago. Its main component is . Like oil, it is a finite source, but there is a large still available. Natural gas is burned to produce electricity, to cook, and to heat buildings. It is also used as fuel for natural gas vehicles. 1 methane supply Coal Coal is extracted from the Earth by , which damages the environment; when burned, it releases . About two-thirds of the coal mined today is burned in power stations to make electricity. mining greenhouse gases Impact on the environment Burning fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and gas results in the and other greenhouse gases, which cause global warming. The risk of and is very high, and when such accidents happen, they cause terrible . production of carbon dioxide oil spills gas leaks damage to the environment Economic and social aspects While almost every country in the world depends on oil, not all countries produce it. The top five oil-producing countries are , and . At the current rate of consumption, it is estimated that worldwide oil reserves will be extinguished by the 2050s. However, this problem could also become the that makes us move from oil and utilize . Saudi Arabia, Russia, the United States, Iran China turning point renewable resources WARM UP What was the most important fuel during the Industrial Revolution in the 19 and 20 centuries? a. oil b. natural gas c. coal d. gasolin th th DO What kind of products does the petrochemical industry produce from refining crude oil? Surf the net to find information. 1 MORE Russia is home to the world’s largest natural gas reserves, around 19% of the world’s total reserves. They are located in Siberia. 1 Oil rig Natural gas