1 THE HUMAN BODY AND ITS DEFENCES Anatomy and Physiology WARM UP Do you know the difference between anatomy and physiology? Choose the correct option. Anatomy studies the of the body, while physiology is about the of its parts. function / structure function / structure Anatomy and Physiology are branches of Biology that are strictly connected. Anatomy is about , physiology is about : anatomy studies the form and composition of the body’s parts, and physiology studies how those parts work together to support life. structure function Anatomy studies the structures of the body visible to the eye. studies small structures that cannot be seen without equipment such as a microscope. It includes , the study of cells, and , the study of tissues . The anatomy of each body part determines what types of functions that part can perform. Macroscopic anatomy naked Microscopic anatomy cytology histology 1 Physiology Physiology studies molecules, cells, organs, muscles and their chemical processes and functions. It centres on the body’s tendency to maintain , the internal balance in the body which allows organisms to remain healthy. Both anatomy and physiology are with the main organ systems. homeostasis 1 concerned MORE A tissue is also a piece of soft paper to absorb liquids, used especially as a handkerchief. 1 DO Homeostasis is keeping the body’s internal environment in a state. Can you list some factors that need to be kept at steady levels in the body? 1 steady Structural Organisation The human body has different structural levels of organisation starting from atoms and molecules and increasing in size and complexity to cells, tissues, organs and the systems which make up the complete organism. The is the smallest independent unit of life and its main functions are growth, metabolism, and reproduction. cell A is made up of many similar cells that perform a specific function. There are four different types of tissue: epithelial, connective, nervous and muscle tissue. tissue An is an integrated collection of two or more kinds of tissues that work together to perform a function, e.g. the heart. organ A is a group of organs that work together to major functions, e.g. the digestive system. system perform The various organs of the body form the entire . organism