EXCERCISES 15 Write the questions for these answers. They are exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp. According to the number of ovaries and flowers involved in their formation. They are divided into dry fruits and fleshy fruits. The ovary and other parts of the flower are involved. Because it may affect the rate of the product ripening and quality. Because loam soils drain quickly. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 16 Complete the text with the missing grammatical words. What are Berries? The berry family is a linguistic invention particular to Germanic languages, ......................................... including English. Other languages, like Spanish and French, do not combine the wide, diverse berry family ......................................... into one group, but rather have very different words for blackberries, raspberries, blueberries and strawberries. The word berry comes from ......................................... the Old English , which originally meant “grape”. As the English language spread to the Americas with colonisation, many native grape-shaped fruits ......................................... that grew in bunches took on the berry suffix: blueberry, cranberry, elderberry, etc. Despite its name, the strawberry isn’t a true berry. Neither is the raspberry ......................................... nor the blackberry. Instead, banana is a berry, scientifically speaking, as are aubergines, and grapes. Why are berries so very hard ......................................... to define? The discrepancy in berry nomenclature arose because people called certain fruits “berries” thousands ......................................... of years before scientists came up with a precise definition for the word. People usually think of berries as small, squishy fruit that can be picked off plants, ......................................... but the scientific classification is far more complex. Botanically speaking, a berry has three distinct fleshy layers, two ......................................... or more seeds, and must develop from one flower that has one ovary. Hence, blueberries, cranberries, tomatoes, peppers, aubergines and kiwi fruits are true berries. Other plants, such ......................................... as strawberries, raspberries and blackberries, have flowers with more than one ovary. Because these types of fruit consist of so many drupelets, they’re called aggregate fruit. 1. 2. 3. berie 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 17 Watch the video and complete the sentences. According to a chef, fruits can be eaten ................................................................................. . A scientist would use the word ........................................................................................................ to identify both fruits and vegetables. A fruit is the ............................................................................. formed from a plant’s ovary. As pumpkins contain seeds, they can be considered ............................................................................................................................................................................................. Tomatoes are usually considered vegetables by cultural and ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... It is right to define tomatoes either a fruit or a vegetable, but it depends on ........................................................................................................................................................ . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. GLOSSARY : : : : : : : : : : carpel carpello, parte femminile del fiore clustered a grappoli drupe drupa embedded inserito gynoecium gineceo, parte femminile del fiore mulberry mora di gelso pome pomacea receptacle ricettacolo soggy imbevuto di acqua to take hold attecchire