21 Influencers 108 Can big data shape our daily decisions? Have you ever wondered why you see pop-up ads on your device concerning something you have just talked about with a friend of yours on Instagram or TikTok? Well, nobody is eavesdropping you, that9s for sure! Rather, you are being tracked. How? Read on! Cookies : Social media platforms use cookies to follow you around the web and record your activity. Maybe you have already come across this term while going online: you are reading the content of a webpage when a notice pops up asking you to accept or decline cookies policy. But what exactly are cookies? Cookies are short text files stored in the memory of your device. They enable websites to collect information about what people search for in order to create their profile and show them advertising material through banners or pop-ups. As this can prove a threat on Internet users9 privacy, websites must ask for consent before installing a cookie. Big data : Whenever we go online, we generate data: when we use our smart devices, when we communicate with our friends through social media or chat applications, when we look for information, when we shop. Browsers collect a huge amount of information about Internet users: from their 1 search history to their location, purchase history, interests, travel plans, preferences, etc. This information, called big data, is harnessed by businesses or organisations to personalise communication with Internet users and drive the choices they make. So, if you have been searching for information about your favourite team results, when you visit your browser again you will see articles concerning that team or sport, for example. Risks : A major problem concerning big data is security. Despite data protection laws aiming to make sure that everyone9s data is used properly, there is a high risk of data breach and misuse . Criminals, in fact, may use private data to spread fake news and influence people9s ideas, beliefs, and even who they vote for. Social Media Data Privacy Awareness posted by Technology Services at Illinois 2 WRITING Watch the video and summarise it. 3 SPEAKING CIVIC EDUCATION Look at this list and tick the suggestions you consider useful to protect your privacy when you are online. Motivate your choices and add any other you deem useful. 1 Avoid oversharing on social media. 2 Always use free Wi-Fi instead of your mobile data connection. 3 Choose passwords you can easily remember. 4 Delete all your social media accounts. 5 Do not allow apps to access your location. 6 Always read privacy policies before accepting them. READING Match the beginnings and endings. 1 Internet users usually see ads concerning& 2 Cookies are used by many websites to& 3 The term <big data= refers to & 4 Each of our online activities& 5 If our personal data is breached, & 122 Topic 5 " MONEY & POWER a it may be used for illegal activities. b the huge amount of data produced day by day while online. c items they have been searching for. d generates data that organisations collect. e keep track of users9 online activity. glossary breach: violazione to harness: sfruttare misuse: uso improprio to eavesdrop: ascoltare di nascosto threat: minaccia