40 This provides a firm surface that responds with force when compressed, allowing gymnasts to achieve extra height and a softer landing. ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS Unlike most of the sports, in artistic gymnastics men and women compete with different apparatuses. Men s competitions consist of six events called routines, women compete on four. Juri Chechi performing the iron cross Men and women They are also known as asymmetric bars. The giant is a spectacular 360-degree revolution around the bar. ONLINE RESOURCES Prohibited vaults in artistic gymnastics balance beam: trave foam: schiuma to leap: balzare pommel: maniglia springboard: trampolino, pedana elastica to tumble: fare capriole uneven: asimmetrico vault: volteggio Vault: the gymnast sprints down a 25 metre-long runway before leaping onto a springboard and pushing their hands onto a vaulting table. Body position is maintained during the vault, and multiple twists may be added before landing in a standing position. Floor exercise: this routine occurs on a 12x12m square made of hard foam supported by springs . Women perform with music for 90 seconds; their routines consist of tumbling passes, jumps, dance elements, acrobatic skills, and turns. Men s performances are without music and last 60-70 seconds during which they must touch each corner of the floor at least once. Women Uneven bars : they consist of two horizontal bars set at different heights. Gymnasts perform transition moves, swings, and pirouettes between the bars before leaving them to land in a standing position. Balance beam: gymnasts perform acrobatic moves, turns, leaps, and dance elements on a beam which is 5m long, 1.25 m high, and 10 cm wide. Men Pommel horse: the gymnast supports himself holding the pommels with his hands and performs movements over the apparatus with trunk and legs, such as single or double leg circles and crosses of the legs ( the scissors movement). Still rings: they consist of two rigid rings suspended on a wire cable at 5.8 m from the floor that the gymnast holds while swinging. At least one static move is required (the most famous and difficult is the iron cross ). Parallel bars: they consist of two bars on which gymnasts execute a series of swings, balancing moves, and releases. Horizontal bar: it consists of a rigid bar at 2.5 m from the floor around which gymnasts perform revolutions swings, twists, and vaults. , Scores The score for a gymnast is based on two components: the execution (E) and the difficulty (D). Each E score starts at 10.0 points. The judges deduct points for errors, such as steps on landings, falls, flexed feet, bent knees, etc. The D score starts at zero, and a gymnast earns points for composition and difficulty of the elements. Each routine receives points for the eight (women) or ten (men) most difficult elements. 82