Civic education StrUGGLeS OF WOMeN iN Art Hilma af Klint, Duvan Nr 1 Hilma af Klint (1862 1944), one of the earliest representatives of Swedish abstract art, a pioneer of abstract art as her works even precede the first compositions of Wassily Kandinsky; According to the National Museum of Women in the Arts, 51 per cent of visual artists today are women. But when it comes to exhibitions and gallery representation, the numbers tell a less optimistic story. In London, for example, 78 per cent of the galleries represent more men than women, while only 5 per cent represent an equal number of male and female artists. And beyond the statistics, women artists and curators face unique challenges, from the subjects they bring to light to the work they choose to present. Historically, women had been encouraged by society to be artistic, but only to enhance social and family life. Art was not considered to be a valued profession for women. Art societies and critics were dominated by men, who had specific opinions about how and what women artists should produce. It was widely accepted that there was a gender style. Some critics felt that one of the highest compliments that they could bestow upon a woman artist was to say that the work was masculine. Many great female artists tend to be forgotten in art history. Those who have been neglected and marginalised for years or even centuries, are finally regaining their place on museum walls. Among the neglected women artists in recent times are: 17 Lyubov Popova (1889 1924), one of the most talented, prolific, and influential women artists of the Soviet avant-garde. She defined herself as Cubist and Constructivist; Hannah H ch (1889 1978), a German Dada artist, one of the originators of photomontage a type of collage in which the pasted items are actual photographs or photographic reproductions pulled from the press and other mass-produced media. Adapted from: https://www.tate.org.uk/art/ women-in-art and https://www.dailyartmagazine.com/ 10-female-artist-forgotten-art-history/ GrOUP WOrK Follow the instructions. Split up into groups of three. Your objective is to find out if people know more about men or women artists and their works. Prepare a ten-question survey with closed answers. Interview at least 30 people. 18 GrOUP WOrK Follow the instructions. Split up into groups of three/four. Go online and find the article on equality in the Italian Constitution. Translate it into English. Represent it graphically. 19 200 CreAtive ArtS Collect the results and transform them into graphs using percentages. Analyse the results and prepare a summative presentation with it. Present your findings and product to the class, drawing your own conclusions. Go online and find out how the right to equality and freedom from discrimination is dealt with in the Universal Convention on Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights and compare them with the one in the Italian Constitution. Choose a contemporary woman artist and prepare a short presentation about her to show the class. to bestow: conferire