MAPPING YOUR MIND 2.3 Electricity distribution The power grid Transformers Three steps Smart grid Components Generation In power stations Magnetic core Transmission losses Coils of wire Weather conditions Primary winding AC Input voltage Transmission Secondary winding Cables Resistance to current Losses of energy Substations Step-up transformers Distribution Substations Step-down transformers Problems of power grids Output voltage Solutions to problems Substitution of cables Reduction of transmission distance Use of back-up sources Process Electromagnetic induction AC through primary winding Magnetic field is produced Magnetic field induces alternating voltage in secondary winding Applications Electrical power stations Signal and audio devices Batteries and charging sources Integration of other sources Smart grid Advantages Real-time consumption information Smart meter Reliability of power supply Phasor measurement units Digital protective relays Flexibility Other renewable sources