Anthony Boyle

Daniela Castellazzo

The biography of Elizabeth I, Queen of England from 1558 to 1603. She was the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife Anne Boleyn. From an early age she was psychologically marked by her father’s wish to have a son, heir to the throne.
 Under her reign England enjoyed a period of great splendour: it established itself as a naval power, laying the foundations of the future British Empire, it developed trade and economy and lived an age which, for its art and culture, was defined the Golden Century with authors such as Edmund Spenser, Ben Johnson, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare.
 A stimulating reader that also offers information and in-depth analysis of the period. 
 
 Teacher's Resources available online: Answer Key - Transcripts - Summing-up Activities
 
 La biografia di Elizabeth I, regina d’Inghilterra dal 1558 al 1603. Figlia di Enrico VIII e della sua seconda moglie Anna Bolena, fu segnata psicologicamente sin da piccola dal desiderio del padre di avere un figlio maschio erede al trono.
 Sotto di lei l’Inghilterra conobbe un momento di grande splendore: si affermò come potenza navale, gettando le fondamenta del futuro impero britannico, sviluppò l’economia e i commerci e visse quello che per l’arte e la cultura fu definito il Secolo d’Oro, con autori come Edmund Spenser, Ben Johnson, Christopher Marlowe e William Shakespeare.
 Una stimolante lettura che offre approfondimenti, conoscenze e curiosità sul periodo.

Chapter 1 – The Lady Elizabeth

Extension: Elizabeth’s Christening

Chapter 2 – Bess' troubled teens

Extension: Women in Elizabethan Times

Chapter 3 – The Virgin Queen

Extension: Elizabethan Literature

Chapter 4 – The heart of a King

Extension: Elizabeth’s Sea Dogs

Chapter 5 – Death of a legend

Extension: Screen Queens

Summing-up activities

Glossary

cover the cost of her court for many years. It is not hard to imagine Philip s reaction to the joy that Elizabeth experienced on viewing the wealth that should have been his. Another of her pirates was John Hawkins, a cousin of Drake s. Hawkins was responsible for the design of the ships that would defeat Philip s Armada. After its defeat, he urged continuing attacks on Spanish ships to prevent Philip from having the funds needed to rebuild his forces. At the start of his career at sea, Hawkins made a considerable sum in the slave trade. We might point an accusing finger at him as the one who introduced slavery into the new world. He captured hundreds of slaves in Sierra Leone and transported them to the West Indies, showing that money could be John Hawkins made from human trafficking between Africa and the Americas. Though the Spanish authorities had no moral objection to slavery, they did not want the English to be active in their territories. When he attacked and looted Spanish ships, they hunted him. In 1567, during his third voyage into their territory, they confronted and defeated the ships he commanded. Though Elizabeth was never pleased when she lost funds in such undertakings, she forgave Hawkins. Hawkins did not forget what he had suffered at the hands of the Spanish, though he had some involvement in the scheme to put Mary Queen of Scots on the throne. Elizabeth, however, overlooked6 whatever involvement he might have had in this scheme. Therefore, it is probable that he was a double agent. He soon became Treasurer of her Navy and, during the battle against the Armada, was third in command of Elizabeth s fleet. The success of Elizabeth s Sea Dogs inspired others to take up the life of buccaneers, pirates, and adventurers. The peak period of piracy in the Spanish Americas occurred in the second part of the seventeenth century, when French pirates joined English ones in creating havoc7 in Spain s outposts8 in the Americas. Daniel Defoe s Robinson Crusoe and Robert Louis Stevenson s Treasure Island are famous novels inspired by the writings of actual pirates in those times. However, the activity of these pirates did not have the approval of the English crown and the treasure they took did not find its way to the King s pockets. 8. outpost: a small military camp away from the main army. 6. overlooked: ignored. 7. havoc: confusion and destruction. 90 

5  Death of a Legend Chapter BEFORE READING 1 Tick what you imagine Queen Elizabeth s appearance, temperament, and behaviour might have been in her later years. c She displayed very real human frailty; she was tired, both physically and emotionally. c She still had the energy of a lion. c Her hold on power was still absolute. c She didn t show any of the signs of old age. c She wasn t anymore dazzled by young and attractive men. c In spite of her age, her fascination with life and politics had not entirely faded. c She avoided public life. c She was rather paranoid and was increasingly bitter. 2 Try to anticipate which were the main problems the Queen had to face in her old age. Political Religious Economical Sentimental 3 How well do you remember Elizabeth s genealogical tree? Complete this description to make clear the right of James VI of Scotland to succeed to her. King James VI of Scotland was the son of ........................, whose father was ........................, son of James IV of Scotland and ........................, ........................ elder sister. As a result of that marriage, he was in line to sit on the throne of England at Elizabeth s death. 91 

Elizabeth I, regina d'Inghilterra (1558-1603), figlia di Enrico VIII e Anna Bolena, segnò un'epoca di splendore, facendo dell'Inghilterra una potenza

Elizabeth Regina - Collana Rainbows

Level C1 • Post-Intermediate - Collana RAINBOWS

Elizabeth Regina

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