4.2 OIL PLANTS TEMPORARY OILSEED CROPS There are about forty different varieties of annual or biennial oilseed crops, but only a few are significant in the total world trade. They are called because they are both sown and harvested during the same agricultural year. The most important oilseed producing areas are in the temperate zones. temporary crops Oilseed crops , the main contributor in the world oilseed economy, is also widely consumed as a bean and in the form of various derived products because of its high protein content. Soybean production and exports are dominated by Brazil and the United States. Soybean is the second largest oilseed crop in the world oilseed production. A variety of oilseed crop developed through conventional plant breeding from rapeseed is , which is mainly grown in Europe, China, India, and Canada to produce margarine, animal feed, emulsifiers, and healthy cooking oils. Rapeseed canola 1 spreads, dairy blends, , a plant with a wide adaptability to different agro-climatic regions and soil types, has become a crop of major economic importance worldwide. It is mainly used to produce both margarine and oilseeds, which are then processed to extract vegetable oil used for cooking. Sunflower or are an important oil and food crop original from South America and currently grown widely in the tropics and warmer temperate regions of the world. Peanut oil is perfect for deep-frying because it can reach a high temperature and does not absorb the flavour of other foods cooked in the oil. Peanuts groundnuts or is one of the earliest cultivated field crops, initially grown for its fibre. Adapted to a wide range of soil and climatic conditions in the cool temperate zones of the northern hemisphere, linseed is used primarily to produce industrial oil and animal It is also used in food products (breads and breakfast cereals). Flax linseed feed meal. 2 is widely cultivated in most tropical, subtropical, and southern temperate areas. The chief constituent of the seed is its oil, which resists oxidative rancidity. The seeds are also high in protein and rich in thiamin and vitamin B . Sesame oil is used as a salad oil or cooking oil, in and margarine, and in the manufacture of soaps, pharmaceuticals, and lubricants. Sesame 6 shortening , grown for both seeds and fibre, is a source of oil for human consumption, and minerals for livestock and poultry feed. Cotton cotton seed meal, MORE The term “canola” is a contraction of Canadian and OLA (Oil Low Acid). Canadian scientists used traditional plant breeding in the 1960s to practically eliminate two undesirable components (erucidic acid and glucosinolate) of rapeseed. For this reason, the crop is called “double low rapeseed”. 1 MORE A significant number of food products are being developed using linseed in response to the variety of health benefits, such as reducing heart disease and cancer risk. 2 Biodiesel fuel Many vegetable oils can be turned into biodiesel fuel that can power most diesel engines. Examples are soya beans and canola, but biodiesel can also be made from waste cooking oils. safflower,