3 A baby s body has about 300 bones at birth. These eventually grow together to form the 206 bones that adults have. The muscular system refers only to the skeletal muscle system. What is the longest muscle in our body? Why is it called that way? We have more than 600 muscles in our body, about 30 in our face and 17 in our mouth. cancellous: poroso, spugnoso hollow: cavo joint: articolazione marrow: midollo narrow: stretto soft organ: tessuto molle THE SKELETAL AND MUSCULAR SYSTEMS The skeletal and muscular systems work together. Muscles are attached to bones and pull on tendons by contracting; tendons pull bones causing movements at the joints. The skeletal system The skeletal system consists of two main types of connective tissue: bone and cartilage, which provides flexibility and smooth surfaces for movement. Ligaments connect bones together at joints, and tendons connect the skeletal to the muscular system. Functions of the skeletal system Support: it forms the internal framework that supports and anchors all soft organs. Protection: bones protect soft body organs. Movement: skeletal muscles use bones to move the body with all its parts. Storage: fats and minerals are stored in the internal cavities of the bones. Blood and cell formation: these occur in the narrow cavities of certain bones. Structure of bones No matter what their shape is long, Masseter Deltoids Pectorals Trapezius Biceps Triceps Abdominals Biceps Quadriceps Calf muscles short, flat, irregular, or sesamoid all bones are made up of: a compact or cortical bone; a sponge or cancellous bone; an external tissue layer (periosteum); an internal tissue layer (endosteum); some bone marrow, which is part of the lymphatic system. The muscular system The term muscle refers to all the contractile tissues of the body: skeletal muscle, responsible for stabilising bones and joints, maintaining posture, and controlling movement; cardiac muscle, which helps heart to pump blood; smooth muscle, which is involuntary muscle found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes responsible for rhythmic contraction. Functions of the muscular system Producing motion. Providing stability. Generating heat to maintain body temperature.