116 One of the major consequences of ADHD not being diagnosed is the lack of treatment. Untreated ADHD can pose a tremendous amount of psychological, financial, academic, and social burden to the individual and the community, which reflects the importance of diagnosing and treating the disorder. MINOR DISORDERS ADHD Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder that affects how people pay attention, sit still, and control their behaviour. It affects children and teens and can continue into adulthood. It is the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder in children. Boys are more likely to have it than girls. It is usually discovered during the early school years, when a child begins to have problems paying attention. ADHD cannot be prevented or cured, but good treatment and an education plan can help to manage the symptoms . Some examples of handeye coordination include: grasping objects, catching and throwing a ball, playing an instrument while reading music, reading and writing, or playing a video game. psychological, and social factors. ODD tends to occur in families with a history of ADHD, substance use disorders, or mood disorders such as depression or bipolar disorder. The main symptoms are: losing temper; arguing with adults and peers over rules, requests, or even small, unimportant things; being unwilling to follow rules; annoying others deliberately and becoming annoyed by others easily; blaming others for their misconduct or mistakes; The symptoms can be grouped into two categories (which may overlap): lack of attention, such as being easily distracted, not following directions or finishing tasks, making careless mistakes, having difficulty organising daily tasks, often losing things, daydreaming, not sitting still; hyperactivity and impulsiveness, such as not staying seated, playing noisily, talking excessively, not waiting one s turn, and interrupting others. to blame: incolpare clumsiness: goffaggine to daydream: sognare a occhi aperti misconduct: cattiva condotta to overlap: sovrapporsi spiteful: dispettoso unwilling: restio 238 diFFicUlties ODD Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a type of behaviour disorder which is mostly diagnosed in childhood. ODD is thought to be caused by a combination of biological, being spiteful and vindictive. DCD Dyspraxia, or developmental coordination disorder (DCD), is a neurological disorder that impacts an individual s ability to plan and process motor tasks. It is an immaturity of the organisation of movement, in other words the brain does not process information in a way that allows a full transmission of neural messages. Individuals with dyspraxia often have language problems, and sometimes a degree of difficulty with thought and perception. Dyspraxia, however, does not affect the person s intelligence, although it can cause learning problems in children. The main symptoms of dyspraxia are: poor balance and posture, fatigue, clumsiness, perception problems, and poor hand-eye coordination .